Orthopaedics is a specialized branch that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and management of musculoskeletal conditions. Orthopaedic surgeons diagnose and treat various conditions related to bones, joints, muscles, and ligaments. Some common conditions and procedures in orthopaedics include: Fractures and dislocations Arthritis Tendon and ligament injuries Sports injuries Degenerative joint diseases (e.g., osteoarthritis) Back and neck pain Orthopaedic trauma Joint replacement surgeries (e.g., hip replacement, knee replacement) Spinal surgeries (e.g., herniated disc surgery) Developmental disorders (e.g., scoliosis, limb length discrepancies) Growth plate injuries Fractures and dislocations Neuromuscular conditions (e.g., cerebral palsy) Bone and joint infections